Is There Validity to 360° Reviews?

Photo by Ben Sweet on Unsplash

Research shows that leaders can use feedback from 360° review methods to understand and improve behavioral tendencies. Feedback is, after all, a powerful way to capture the scope of perspective about an individual (which may or may not be favorable). However, the opportunity lies in what people -- or better yet, the organization -- chooses to do with that feedback. 

There is a surprising set of data that shows underlying flaws with how these 360° reviews are being utilized and facilitated. Regrettably, most companies are missing the mark. Corporations that opt to forego regular performance discourse throughout the year, and instead rely solely on the annual review for an overarching picture of one person, can be misleading. The absence of consistent discussion about behavior and performance creates a black box; what will people say about me this year? Over time, employees and managers alike start to begrudge the process and disregard the results. What was meant to be used as an educational tool has instead turned into a villain.

Thus, it is not necessarily the tools corporations use for employee feedback and performance assessments, but rather the foundational expectations that are set. 

If you use a 360° tool, evaluate the internal perception of its worth. Are people afraid of it? Dread it? Think it’s the best thing since sliced bread? Regardless, you must consider the below in order for the process to be effective. 

It is imperative to: 

1) Have a plan in place for post-review feedback in order for said feedback to be acted upon and used. Without a plan (a coach, journal installments, 1:1 meetings, etc.) information is likely to only be received and never acted upon. Without effort, there will be no behavioral change.

2) Have a standard practice in place to ensure a) response confidentiality and b) standards of conduct. At times, feedback may not be authentically provided if staff believe their responses will come back to "haunt them" later on. Further, a review of another person is not the time to hash out personal conflict. All team members must understand this distinction or results will be skewed.

3) Make sure top leadership does not downplay its validity or importance. Without leadership backing the process, it's a waste of time. Not only is it time-consuming and costly, but it's also necessary to have a trained individual assessing the information, helping extract positive feedback (not just negative feedback that could possibly overwhelm and alienate the recipient). 

It’s also essential to be clear about the purpose of the 360-degree review while also coaching the staff on what to expect from the process. It's been found that the best 360 assessments focus on talents and capabilities first, prior to delving into areas that need improving. These are all components that assist in making the review process more beneficial and allow leaders to learn, as well as fine-tune their behaviors and attitudes. 

Unsure of where to begin with how to effectively get and give feedback? It may be time for a cultural climate temperature!

Take a Breath and Listen

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When I commence work with a client, I notice in our preliminary discussion whether or not someone is well adept at active listening or if it's going to be a focal point for our work together. The importance of active listening cannot be overstated. It establishes trust, offers validation, and is even a brain exercise from which we benefit. Then why do so few people listen well?

The two forms of listening are discriminative and comprehensive. Discriminative is developed at an early age and is the most basic form of listening. It does not require the understanding of words, but focuses on sound and allows us to distinguish the subtleties of people who are happy or sad, angry or stressed. It's the superpower of "how someone is saying something." Meanwhile, comprehensive listening involves understanding messages that are being communicated. Like discriminative listening, comprehensive listening is fundamental to all listening sub-types. The listener first needs appropriate vocabulary and language skills to comprehend messages.

There are other forms of listening too - Critical, Therapeutic, and Appreciative. But we often are too busy listening to our own thoughts or are waiting to say our piece. We're not very good at active listening; in fact, we're downright bad at it. Listening actively is an analytical exercise. It requires concentration on *all* of what is said. Not only the words, but the tone being used and the body language choices. Your opportunity is to process that information as it's received, forming conclusions along the way (and not before someone is done speaking).

But instead, we're conditioned to think it's acceptable to look at the text message we just received, open an email from your archnemesis, swipe left (or is it right?) on Tinder, and attend to WhatsApp messages, Slack pings, or even contemplate dinner options... None of that is OK if you want to show others you care not only about them but about what they are saying.

The good news? Listening is a skill that can be learned and there are techniques you can use to improve your listening effectiveness. First, set expectations. In meetings, it's best to let your team know what is expected of them. Do you allow the team to be disengaged, looking at their phones, or do you expect them to participate fully, and be attentive to what's in front of them? Contrary to common belief, multitasking isn't all that it's chalked up to be (it takes a serious toll on productivity!). In my household, I simply will stop speaking until my husband is off his cellphone and I know he is able to listen to what it is I am saying.

Some tips for helping you become a better listener:

• Identify Your Own Biases: Does the sound of someone's voice annoy you? Get past it and listen.

• Keep an Open Mind: Do not jump to snap judgments. Ratiocinate and flex your critical thinking capabilities.

• Mirror Back: Paraphrase what someone said to help your attention stay on that person and also to confirm you are understanding the intended message.

• Overcoming External Distractions: Set those expectations and resist the urge to pick up your cellphone or respond to emails while in the process of listening. [Short on time? No problem, but communicate that at the forefront. Expectations are your friend.]

Bonne chance!

First published on LinkedIn

Back to the (Communication) Basics.

Communication encompasses a myriad of elements. From the words that we say, to the expression on our face, or the way we are sitting upright, communicating is a lot more than considering which words will be best strung together for comprehension sake.

Image from Lee Campbell

As we navigate working from home, video-calling, and bad connections, we are faced with new communication hurdles. Your screen may freeze on you with a half-way (seemingly displeasing) stare, or your calling app may need an update causing tardiness and an interruption several minutes into a meeting. Amidst all of this, we need to remember that listening, now more than ever, is an integral part of communication.

If there’s one flop we can all relate to (guilty or not), it’s talking over each other. Especially in a virtual working environment. Add in some background noise, people beeping in and out, or a long-winded talker, and you have yourself a challenging circumstance to ensure effective communication.

The owner of each meeting must be present and taking an active part in spreading the “spotlight.” It takes effort to see who has a question (fortunately, the chat feature works well for building up a queue if there is not an opportunity to verbally interject). The point for this post is less about meeting management – although I can cover that in coming weeks – it is about active listening. While listening is particularly important for managers, it is a lost skill for many of us.

Are you pausing to speak to allow another person to finish their thought, or are you barging ahead to say your piece? Are you thinking about what you will say next (or about what’s for dinner), or are you internalizing the words that are being spoken?

As a painless starting point, ask yourself the aforementioned questions. Can you be a better listener? With a slight increase in effort, our prolonged WFH life can be a little less of a communicative calamity.

First posted to LinkedIn.

Need a Differentiator? Master EQ.

If you think about it, what is the common thread throughout all business?  People.

Emotional intelligence is defined in a myriad of ways, but the short and sweet version: it is the ability for a person to be aware of their feelings and others, while also controlling emotions, being thoughtful with responses.

Whether we are communicating with a family member, or a Fortune 100 company, understanding others, acting empathetically, and adjusting for the environment is 

Positivity Meets Reality: The world is not perfect, no. Far from it in fact. Yet, positive people often lift those up around them and approach issues as opportunities. When people are able to take challenges or obstacles and look at them for what they are - challenging but not life-threatening – the positive outlook perseveres.

Stress Management:  How do you manage your stress? Whether someone cuts you off on the highway or smacks you in the face with an umbrella (more common in NYC), that is no reason to let your day unravel. I propose: be aware of your frustration, recognize it for what it is, accept it, and move on. Deep breathing helps (as does some intense exercise!).

Take note: Facial expressions and body language speak loudly. If someone is avoiding eye contact or shifting their weight, is the conversation worth having? Or, is someone beginning to stir with anger? Being aware of others’ behaviors and body language can help circumvent heightened arguments or can save time. Hold the challenging discussion for time all parties can be attentive and thoughtful.

Higher EQ supports team alignment, reduces conflict, lowers stress, and fuels the positivity tank. Unsurprisingly, positive spins result in proactivity and solution-focused perspectives, as opposed to reactivity (its evil twin).

Keep fighting the good fight!

First published on LinkedIn